Salivary Antimicrobial Peptides in Early Detection of Periodontitis
نویسندگان
چکیده
In the pathogenesis of periodontitis, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, there is a complex interaction between the subgingival microbiota and host tissues. A periodontal diagnostic tool for detecting the initiation and progression of the disease, monitoring the response to therapy, or measuring the degree of susceptibility to future disease progression has been of interest for a long time. The value of various enzymes, proteins, and immunoglobulins, which are abundant constituents of saliva, as potential biomarkers has been recognized and extensively investigated for periodontal diseases. Gingival defensins and cathelicidins are small cationic antimicrobial peptides that play an important role in innate immune response. However, their applicability as salivary biomarkers is still under debate. The present review focuses on proteomic biomarkers and antimicrobial peptides, in particular, to be used at early phases of periodontitis.
منابع مشابه
C - Reactive Protein Levels in Patients with Periodontal Disease and Normal Subjects
Although periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease but some factors of acute inflammation phase are involved in this disease among which is the C-Reactive protein (CRP). To minimize its effects, anti-inflammatory drugs or non-pharmacological approaches such as oral hygiene is recommended. CRP can also be used for the prediction and early detection of periodontal disease. The aim of the pr...
متن کاملSaliva enables the antimicrobial activity of LL-37 in the presence of proteases of Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Proteolysis is a common microbial virulence mechanism that enables the destruction of host tissue and evasion from host defense mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides, also known as host defense peptides, are effector molecules of the innate immunity that demonstrate a broad range of antimicrobial and immunoregulatory activities. Deficiency of the human LL-37 antimicrobial peptide was previously co...
متن کاملEvaluation of salivary immunoglobulin A level in thalassemic patients with periodontitis in comparison with thalassemic patients with healthy periodontium
BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study was conducted to evaluate salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) level in thalassemic patients with periodontitis in comparison to thalassemic patients with healthy periodontium.METHODS: Seventy-five patients were included in this study and were divided into three groups, group A: 25 major thalassemic patients with mild to moderate periodontitis, group B: 25 thalassemic ...
متن کاملBiomarkers of periodontitis in oral fluids.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the key enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, are derived from polymorphonuclear leukocytes during the early stages of periodontitis. The present study determined the levels of GCF matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and salivary MMP-8 in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis and in healthy controls. Levels of crevicula...
متن کاملTotal Antioxidant Capacity and Total Oxidant Status in Saliva of Periodontitis Patients in Relation to Bacterial Load
The detection of salivary biomarkers has a potential application in early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal inflammation. However, searching sensitive salivary biomarkers for periodontitis is still ongoing. Oxidative stress is supposed to play an important role in periodontitis progression and tissue destruction. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated total antioxidant capacity (T...
متن کامل